A new class of alumina-forming superalloy for 3D printing
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new class of crack-resistant nickel-based superalloy containing high γ′ fraction is studied for the laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process. The effects of the (Nb+Ta)/Al ratio is emphasized, a strategy that is shown to confer excellent low-temperature strength whilst maintaining oxidation resistance at high temperatures via stable alumina scale formation. The processability of the new alloys is characterized with respect to defect assessment by micro-focus X-ray computed tomography; use is made of a prototype turbine blade geometry and the heritage alloy CM247LC as a benchmark. In all cases, some processing-related porosity is present in thin wall sections such as the trailing edge, but this can be avoided by judicious processing. The cracking seen in CM247LC – in solid-state, liquation and solidification forms – is avoided. A novel sub-solvus heat treatment strategy is proposed which takes advantage of AM not requiring solutioning; super-solvus heat treatment is inappropriate since it embrittles the material by deterioration of the texture and coarsening of grain boundary carbides. The tensile strength of the new superalloy is greatest when the Nb+Ta content is highest and exceeds that of CM247LC up to ∼900°C. The oxidation resistance is best when Al content is highest, and oxidation-assisted cracking resistance maximized when the (Nb+Ta)/Al ratio is balanced. In all cases these are equivalent or superior to that of CM247LC. Nevertheless, the creep resistance of the new alloys is somewhat inferior to that of CM247LC for which the γ′, C, and B contents are higher; this implies a processing/property trade-off which requires further clarification.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it