Phenolic compounds and <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant activity of <i>Moringa stenopetala</i> grown in South Ethiopia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Moringa stenopetala is a traditional medicinal and nutritional plant in Ethiopia. The aim of this work was to carry out a chemical analysis focusing on secondary metabolites, particularly phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Moringa stenopetala leaf. The phenolic compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Hydroxycinnamic acid (538 ± 6 µg/g), 3-Hydroxbenzoic acid (31 ± 6 µg/g), and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (1155 ± 65 µg/g) were the major components in methanol extract. Whereas, syringic (84 ± 13 µg/g), chlorogenic (165 ± 19 µg/g), succinnic (1811 ± 105 µg/g), and fumaric (1582 ± 65 µg/g) acids were the major organic acids in the aqueous extract. Methanol extract had higher total flavonoid (11 ± 2 mg of catechin equivalent per gram of dried extract) and total phenolic (39 ± 3 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of dried extract) contents. This extract showed stronger DPPH scavenging (EC50 = 78 ± 6 μg/mL) and ferrous chelating (EC50 = 239 ± 12 μg/mL) activities. Due to the abundance sources of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, the dried leaf of M. stenopetala could be used for the development of nutraceuticals or incorporated into functional foods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".