Phenolic compounds and <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant activity of <i>Moringa stenopetala</i> grown in South Ethiopia
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Moringa stenopetala is a traditional medicinal and nutritional plant in Ethiopia. The aim of this work was to carry out a chemical analysis focusing on secondary metabolites, particularly phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Moringa stenopetala leaf. The phenolic compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Hydroxycinnamic acid (538 ± 6 µg/g), 3-Hydroxbenzoic acid (31 ± 6 µg/g), and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (1155 ± 65 µg/g) were the major components in methanol extract. Whereas, syringic (84 ± 13 µg/g), chlorogenic (165 ± 19 µg/g), succinnic (1811 ± 105 µg/g), and fumaric (1582 ± 65 µg/g) acids were the major organic acids in the aqueous extract. Methanol extract had higher total flavonoid (11 ± 2 mg of catechin equivalent per gram of dried extract) and total phenolic (39 ± 3 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of dried extract) contents. This extract showed stronger DPPH scavenging (EC50 = 78 ± 6 μg/mL) and ferrous chelating (EC50 = 239 ± 12 μg/mL) activities. Due to the abundance sources of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, the dried leaf of M. stenopetala could be used for the development of nutraceuticals or incorporated into functional foods.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it