EXAMINING THE ROLE OF NON-SURGICAL THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF GERIATRIC INCONTINENCE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To examine the role of physical function impairments on the change in urinary incontinence symptoms after pelvic floor muscle training in older women. Methods This is a prospective cohort study of 70 community-dwelling women, older than 70 years, with at least moderate incontinence symptoms. A comprehensive assessment of pelvic floor and physical function was done at baseline. Individualized PFM training prescriptions with behavioral management strategies to reduce incontinence episodes were provided for 12 weeks. Baseline physical function was determined using the Short Physical Performance Battery (total score of ≤9/12 defined impairment). A 3-day bladder diary established daily incontinence episodes. The change in urinary incontinence episodes based on presence of physical function impairment was our primary outcome. Descriptive analyses compared important demographic and clinical characteristics. Longitudinal mixed model linear regression analyses were used to assess for change in incontinence and estimate of improvement based on the presence of physical function impairment adjusted for age, race, and BMI. Results Participants’ mean±SD age was 76.9±5.4 years and 15.7% were African American with no significant differences in age or race between groups. Women with physical function impairment had higher mean ± SD BMI (33.6±14.5 vs 27.4±5.8 kg/m 2 ; p=0.03) and significantly greater baseline incontinence episodes (4.5±2.9 vs. 2.7±2.1 episodes/day; p=0.005) than in women without functional impairment, respectively. After 6 weeks of pelvic floor exercises, women with physical functional impairment had a non-significant decrease in incontinence episodes/day compared to women with normal physical function (mean [95%CI], −1.2 [−2.0,−0.5] vs −0.4 [−1.1, 0.3], p=0.31). Women with physical function impairments also reported lower improvement in their incontinence symptoms compared to women without functional impairment (50.7±5.9% vs 64.2±5.9%, p=0.08). Conclusions Non-surgical therapy to include pelvic floor muscle training may not significantly decrease urinary incontinence symptoms to a degree that is satisfactory in women older than 70 years seeking treatment for urinary incontinence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".