Bone marrow lesions in the knee: early results of patients treated with subcondroplasty
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Subchondroplasty is a percutaneous procedure in which calcium phosphate is injected inside BMLs (Bone Marrow Lesions) area under fluoroscopic guidance. The main aim of the present cohort study is to evaluate the effects of subchondroplasty associated to knee arthroscopy in reducing pain and improving in knee function in patients suffering from BMLs located on femoral condyles or tibial plateau. Methods: 30 patients (mean age 65.4 years) were evaluated pre-operatively and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Numeric pain Rating Scale (NRS), Knee Society Score (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) were evaluated. Secondarily, edema healing and bone structure were controlled at follow-up by x-ray and MRI. Results: An improvement in all evaluated scores was found at 6 months after surgery compared to the baseline. NRS changed from a mean value of 7 to 1 at 6 months and to 0.86 at 1 year of follow-up, revealing a marked improvement of pain after the procedure (p<0.0001). Furthermore, IKDC and WOMAC scores showed a statistically significant improvement in knee function at 6 months after subchondroplasty (from 26.96 to 70.10 and from 46.87 to 9.00, respectively), which remained stable after 12 months; KSS in every section (objective, satisfaction and function) raised as well during the follow-up. In three cases the treatment failed and a total knee replacement was performed due to persistence of symptoms. Conclusions: Subchondroplasty seems to be safe, reliable and effective in pain reduction and knee function improvements, even though effects at long term still have to be verified. Level of evidence: II, Prospective cohort study Keywords: BML; MRI; STIR; CRPS; SONK.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".