N, O-polydentate ligands for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions (Part III)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Pd catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have played a crucial role in accomplishing different valuable organic transformations. These transformations involve the use of homogeneous as well as heterogeneous Pd catalysts. A large variety of ligands have been used in Pd catalyzed coupling reactions. Traditionally, these transformations have been carried out by various phosphine-based ligands. The phosphine ligands are suffering from poor air, moisture, and thermal stability. Hence, in recent years phosphine-free ligands such as N-heterocyclic carbenes and amines have been attracted great attention in the field of catalysis. Though the N-containing ligands have showed comparatively low activity as compared to phosphine and carbene-based ligands, most importantly, these complexes have broad scope in catalysis, as they represent a low cost, less toxic, good moisture, thermal and air stability as well as environmentally friendly. In this review, we present the developments made in the field of Pd complexes of N and O donor ligands in various cross-coupling reactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".