A New OECD Definition for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTA New OECD Definition for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl SubstancesZhanyun Wang*Zhanyun WangChair of Ecological Systems Design, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, John-von-Neumann-Weg 9, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland*Email: [email protected]More by Zhanyun WangView Biographyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9914-7659, Andreas M. BuserAndreas M. BuserSwiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), 3063 Ittigen, SwitzerlandMore by Andreas M. Buser, Ian T. CousinsIan T. CousinsDepartment of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, SwedenMore by Ian T. Cousinshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7035-8660, Silvia DemattioSilvia DemattioEuropean Chemicals Agency, Telakkakatu 6, 00150 Helsinki, FinlandMore by Silvia Demattio, Wiebke DrostWiebke DrostGerman Environment Agency, Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844 Dessau-Roßlau, GermanyMore by Wiebke Drost, Olof JohanssonOlof JohanssonSwedish Chemicals Agency, Esplanaden 3A, 172 67 Sundbyberg, SwedenMore by Olof Johansson, Koichi OhnoKoichi OhnoHealth and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, JapanMore by Koichi Ohno, Grace PatlewiczGrace PatlewiczCenter for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27711, United StatesMore by Grace Patlewicz, Ann M. RichardAnn M. RichardCenter for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27711, United StatesMore by Ann M. Richardhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2116-2300, Glen W. WalkerGlen W. WalkerDepartment of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Australian Government, General Post Office Box 858, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, AustraliaMore by Glen W. Walker, Graham S. WhiteGraham S. WhiteNew Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Safe Environments Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa K1A 0K9, CanadaMore by Graham S. White, and Eeva LeinalaEeva LeinalaEnvironment, Health and Safety Division, Environment Directorate, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2, rue André Pascal, 75016, Paris, FranceMore by Eeva LeinalaCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55, 23, 15575–15578Publication Date (Web):November 9, 2021Publication History Received12 October 2021Published online9 November 2021Published inissue 7 December 2021https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.1c06896https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06896article-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2021 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views24976Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alkyls,Aromatic compounds,Carbene compounds,Chemical structure,Chemoinformatics Get e-Alerts
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.018 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".