Influence of Graft/Host Diameter Ratio on the Hemodynamics in Sequential ITA Anastomoses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Multivessel grafting with internal thoracic artery (ITA) conduits may improve the long-term results of coronary surgery for patients with multivessel coronary disease. Sequential ITA grafting has been increasingly used as a means of allowing a single ITA to revascularize a greater amount of the myocardium (Izzat et al, 1994). In this procedure, the graft first supplies blood to a coronary artery via a side-to-side anastomoses and then delivers blood to a second site in the coronary vasculature through an end-to-side anastomosis. However, it is unclear if the complex geometry and hemodynamic patterns in the side-to-side anastomosis contribute to the development of intimal hyperplasia, as reported for end-to-side anastomoses (Bassiouny et al. 1992). In a previous study we studied the hemodynamics of side-to-side anastomosis when graft and host diameters are equal (Bonert et al., 1999). In this study, we examined the wall shear stress (WSS) characteristics in idealized models of a “parallel” and a “diamond” side-to-side anastomoses for the case in which the graft diameter is substantially larger than the host diameter (Lei et al., 1996). Regions of specific interest were those exhibiting low WSS and rapidly changing WSS (high spatial WSS gradient) both of which have been suggested to promote intimal hyperplasia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".