Frailty status predicts falls in early Parkinson’s disease [abstract]
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To establish whether there is an association between frailty and falls in early Parkinson’s (PD). \n \nBackground: PD is a syndrome in which postural control, falls and gait impairments dominate. PD also is present in the context of ageing in which ageing syndromes such as frailty and multi-morbidity coexist. Frailty has been defined as a state where multiple body systems lose their in-built reserves. To date there has been little exploration of falls risk with respect to frailty. \n \nMethod: As part of the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Cohorts with Longitudinal Evaluation – Parkinson’s disease – GAIT (ICICLE – GAIT) study, participants were classified as robust, pre-frail or frail according to the electronic frailty index, comprised of 36 health deficits. They were also categorised as fallers on non-fallers, depending on whether they had fallen in the previous 12 months. \n \nResults: Mean age of the 119 participants was 66.9 (±10.5) years, 66.4% were male, with a disease duration 6.3 (±4.7) months, mean MDS UPDRS III score of 25.4 and Montreal Cognitive Assessment of 25.2. 37 (31.1%) were classified as robust, 52 (43.7%) as pre-frail, and 30 (25.2%) as frail. Of the 119, 26 (21.8%) had fallen in the prior 12 months. Those that were frail were more likely to have fallen (50% fallers were frail vs. 17.3% pre-frail and 5.4% robust, X2=20.4, p<0.001). \n \nConclusion: Even at very early disease, a considerable proportion of PD patients are classified as frail. Frailty status was associated with retrospective falls, suggesting that these may form a different falls phenotype which requires a different approach to falls risk reduction. (Also presented at the Parkinson’s UK Research Conference, York, UK, 12th November 2018)
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it