The impact of ignoring Interval censoring in progression-free survival in cancer trials: a systematic review
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction & Objective: From statistical literature, the bias in treatment effect from ignoring interval censoring in Progression-free survival (PFS) is demonstrated. However, the impact on estimators caused by interval censoring is not carefully took account and investigated by researchers in practice. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of accounting for interval censoring in practice among RCTs used to support FDA approvals anti-cancer drugs between the years 2005 and 2019 that used PFS as an endpoint.
 Methods: In this systematic review, the differences of hazard ratios between two methods: considering and ignoring interval censoring, are visualized by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and estimated from a Cox proportional hazard model of 87 RCTs. With assumption that these differences and mean differences (bias) follow a normal distribution, limits of agreement of differences and confidence interval of bias are used to represent agreement of two methods.
 Results: Limits of agreement of difference range from -0.044 to 0.0615, while confidence intervals for the bias range from 0.0026 to 0.0145, which does not include zero, resulting in estimated treatment effect differs for two methods.
 Conclusion: In general, bias caused by interval censoring in treatment effect exists with large sample studies. Focusing on individual clinical trials, limits of agreement can provide more information for researchers to make decision on how to account for interval censoring.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.096 | 0.275 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it