Reduction of local scouring at round-nosed rectangular piers using a downstream bed sill
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the effectiveness of bed sills in reducing the scour depth with time at rectangular piers in a laboratory. Experiments were conducted just below the threshold of sediment motion (U/Uc = 0.95) for round-nosed piers with the length-to-width ratios of L/b = 1, 2, 3 and 4. Accordingly, a 1 cm thick PVC section as wide as the channel was used as the bed sill, which was flush with the bed and located at various distances, D, in the downstream of the piers, i.e. D/b = 0, 1, 2 and 3. It was found that the efficiency of the bed sill for a rectangular pier was significantly less than that for the circular one; there was a decrease in efficiency and scour depth with an increase of the pier length. The maximum efficiency obtained for the round-nosed piers with L/b = 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 32.5%, 21.3%, 14.4% and 5.7%, respectively. The application of a bed sill to reduce the local scour in round-nosed rectangular piers, when the length-to-width ratio exceeds 2, is therefore not recommended. Furthermore, the efficiency of the bed sill is the best when it is attached to the downstream end of the pier; its efficiency is decreased when increasing its distance from the pier.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".