Birth Outcomes in Women With Body Mass Index of 40 kg/m2 or Greater Stratified by Planned and Actual Mode of Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021;100:200–209) Obese pregnant women are at increased risk of complications compared to those with normal body mass index (BMI). One systematic review found that pregnant women with BMI ≥40 kg/m2 were more likely to experience prepregnancy diabetes, gestational diabetes or hypertensive disorders during pregnancy compared with those with BMI ≤30 to 39.9 kg/m2. Among other factors, these conditions have been linked to higher rates of cesarean delivery (CD) and wound complications. Obesity in pregnancy has also been associated with increased risk of neonatal complications including Apgar scores <7 after 5 minutes and birth trauma. Vaginal delivery (VD) has generally been accepted as the preferred mode of delivery for this population. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes in obese pregnant women based on mode of delivery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.013 | 0.025 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".