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Record W3216641316 · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3961574

Non-Standard Errors

2021· article· en· W3216641316 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueSSRN Electronic Journal · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldDecision Sciences
TopicForecasting Techniques and Applications
Canadian institutionsUniversity of CalgaryUniversity of VictoriaYork UniversityThe Scarborough HospitalUniversity of TorontoHEC MontréalKellogg's (Canada)Université du Québec à MontréalQueen's UniversityWilfrid Laurier University
FundersBooth School of Business, University of ChicagoLeonard N. Stern School of Business, New York UniversityUniversität LeipzigChina Medical UniversityUniversität MannheimUniversität ZürichLeibniz-GemeinschaftUniversidad Carlos III de MadridAsia UniversityUniversidad de MurciaStockholms UniversitetRiksbankens JubileumsfondNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekUniversität WienOhio State UniversityUniversität St. GallenAustrian Science FundEberhard Karls Universität TübingenErasmus Universiteit RotterdamEötvös Loránd TudományegyetemUniversité du LuxembourgUniversiteit van AmsterdamKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseNew York University ShanghaiUniversity of BristolCardiff UniversityHáskólinn í ReykjavíkLunds UniversitetHang Seng University of Hong KongUniversità di BolognaCopenhagen Business SchoolUniversiteit UtrechtLoyola Marymount UniversityUniversity of MinnesotaWilfrid Laurier UniversityUniversity of EssexZhongnan University of Economics and LawTechnische Universität DresdenUniversity of MemphisVrije Universiteit AmsterdamTrường Đại học Kinh tế - Luật, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí MinhChina Medical University HospitalUniversity of OklahomaUniversity of New South WalesArizona State University
KeywordsStandard errorStatisticsSample (material)EconometricsStandard deviationTest (biology)PopulationReproducibilitySample size determinationPsychologyComputer scienceMathematicsDemographyBiology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.

No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.575
Threshold uncertainty score0.480

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.049
GPT teacher head0.370
Teacher spread0.322 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it