To Assess the Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment in Type II Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that affects various body systems. Elevated blood glucose levels cause brain malfunction, sorbitol which damages blood vessels, and degeneration of the nerves that can lead to dementia or cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment can result in nonadherence of patients to diabetes treatment, such as medication, diet and exercise. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of cognitive impairment in type II diabetes mellitus. Methodology: 50 participants of age group 30 - 60 years, both male and female were included in this study. Cognitive impairment was assessed with the English version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool. The MoCA scoring according to Dementia and Driving Safety: A clinical guideline, Version 3, 2014. Result: Among the 50 patients who were assessed, 24 (48%) were cognitively impaired. 20 (40%) of the subjects were age group of 51-60 years, and males participants 11(22%) outnumbered females 9 (18%). The majority of patients (40%) had diabetes type II for < 2 years. Conclusion: There was strong correlation found between Type II DM and cognitive impairment. Key words: Prevalence, Cognitive impairment, Diabetes mellitus Type II, Montreal Cognitive assessment (MoCA).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".