Leptin protects rat cardiomyocytes from H2O2‐ and hypoxia‐induced apoptosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of heart failure, yet there is also compelling evidence suggesting a protective effect of obesity on subsequent events post‐myocardial infarction. Leptin, the product of the obese ( ob ) gene, circulates at higher concentrations in obese individuals. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of leptin on cardiomyocyte apoptosis; a well known component of cardiac remodeling that can contribute to heart failure in obesity. We used H 2 O 2 and hypoxia to mimic myocardial ischemia in vitro and first demonstrated that the decreased viability of H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes exposed to H 2 O 2 was attenuated by pretreating cells with leptin (6nM) for 1hr. Similarly, exposure to H 2 O 2 or hypoxia increased phosphatidylserine exposure as measured via annexin V binding, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased cytochrome c release from mitochondria and elevated activity of caspase‐3 measured by cleavage and enzymatic assay. Importantly, all of the above were prevented when cells were pretreated with leptin for 1hr. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that leptin has anti‐apoptotic effects in rat cardiomyocytes which may be of significance in regulating the development of heart failure in obesity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".