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Record W33998305 · doi:10.1177/0379572121998127

Determinants de la unió a glicogen i translocació de la glicogen sintasa

2011· dissertation· en· W33998305 on OpenAlexfundno aff
Carlos Martínez Pons

Bibliographic record

VenueTDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa) · 2011
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicGlycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersGlobal Affairs Canada
KeywordsHumanitiesPhilosophyPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

La glicogen sintasa (GS) es un enzim cabdal en el metabolisme de carbohidrats, catalitzant l’addicio d’un residu glicosil a l’extrem no reductor d’una cadena de glicogen preexistent. Les GSs eucariotes son enzims altament regulats, tant per al•losterisme com per fosforilacio. Gracies a diferents estructures de GSs resoltes en els darrers anys ja es te una idea aproximada el mecanisme enzimatic de la reaccio, aixi com els llocs d’unio de la molecula donadora del grup glicosil UDP-glucosa. Tot i que experimentalment es coneix la gran afinitat entre la GS i el glicogen, l’acceptor en la reaccio catalitica, se sap poc de la interaccio d’ambdos. En el nostre laboratori es va identificar un lloc d’unio a carbohidrats a la superficie de la GS de l’arqueo Pyrococcus abyssi (PaGS) gracies a la resolucio de l’estructura cristal•lografica d’aquest enzim unit a una molecula de maltohexaosa. En aquesta tesi es demostra que aquest lloc d’unio a carbohidrats de PaGS es tracta d’un lloc d’unio a glicogen funcional ja que, quan el modifiquem per mutagenesi, l’enzim perd la seva capacitat d’unio al glicogen. Aquesta perdua d’afinitat te un impacte directe sobre l’eficiencia catalitica de PaGS a l’hora d’utilitzar glicogen com a substrat. Per alineament de sequencies deduim una possible conservacio d’aquest lloc d’unio en la glicogen sintasa muscular humana (HMGS). La mutacio d’aquest domini de la HMGS resulta en una disminucio de l’afinitat per glicogen de l’enzim, un canvi en la seva localitzacio subcel•lular i un clar impacte en la capacitat de l’enzim per acumular glicogen in vivo. D’aquesta manera identifiquem fins a cinc residus aminoacidics, tots allunyats del centre actiu, la mutacio dels quals disminueix l’afinitat de l’enzim pel glicogen i que formarien, per tant, part d’un nou lloc d’unio a glicogen no catalitic en la HMGS, que es mostra com un element regulador critic responsable de l’eficiencia catalitica de l’enzim in vivo. Una vegada establerta la importancia del domini d’unio a glicogen en HMGS, mesurem l’afinitat de la isoforma hepatica de la glicogen sintasa humana (HLGS) pel glicogen. Tot i que ambdues isoformes de la GS humana tenen una alta identitat en la seva sequencia d’aminoacids, els resultats mostren que HLGS te una menor afinitat pel glicogen. No hem pogut identificar els residus responsables d’aquest canvi d’afinitat. Al nostre laboratori es va descriure per primera vegada com la HMGS transloca al nucli cel•lular quan exhaureix els seus reservoris de glicogen. Els mutants de HMGS que no s’uneixen al glicogen tambe transloquen al nucli cel•lular, confirmant el glicogen com a unic factor de retencio citoplasmatic de HMGS. Finalment, en aquesta tesi tambe s’intenta deduir si la localitzacio nuclear de HMGS te algun paper biologic. Hem aconseguit identificar tres proteines que col•localitzen al nucli cel•lular amb HMGS, i que tenen en comu la seva capacitat d’unio a ARN. Hem observat com la incubacio amb l’inhibidor de la transcripcion actinomicina D de cel•lules amb HMGS nuclear fa que l’enzim transloqui a la periferia nucleolar, comportament descrit per moltes altres proteines que uneixen ARN. Finalment, un assaig in vitro d’unio entre HMGS i ARN apunta a la possible interaccio entre ambdos. Totes aquestes evidencies recolzen una possible funcio nuclear per a la HMGS. Thesis title: “Determinants of glycogen binding and translocation of glycogen synthase”. Author: Carlos Martinez Pons. ABSTRACT Glycogen is a glucose polymer synthesized by the cell to store large amounts of glucose and is subsequently mobilized when energy demand increases. The importance of glycogen is reflected in its conservation among archaea, bacteria and eukarya. The glycogen granule is considered as a finely regulated organelle, with most of its proteins locating at the granule thanks to a direct interaction with glycogen through a carbohydrate-binding site. But it still remains unclear if these sites have other implications on protein regulation and catalytic performance. In this thesis we structurally identify a functional non-catalytic glycogenbinding site on a key enzyme of glycogen metabolism. When we mutate this carbohydrate-binding site we observe an alteration of the subcellular distribution of the enzyme and, moreover, a dramatic decrease of its catalytic performance, showing that the glycogen-binding site is not only used to remain bound at the glycogen granule, but that it is necessary for the proper functioning of the enzyme.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.009
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.043
Threshold uncertainty score0.085

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.009
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0020.001
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0010.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0110.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.332
Teacher spread0.320 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2011
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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