Abstract 38: Nationwide Epidemiology and Outcomes from Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan: From the JCS-ReSS Research Group
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Though Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) reported large volume epidemiology from US and Canada in 2009, data for paediatric cardiac arrest is still scant. Nationwide, prospective, population-based, observational larger study has done in Japan. We reported epidemiology and outcomes from paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Japan with comparison to ROC study. Methods: Nationwide OHCA registration performed from 2005 to 2009, and gathered 547,218 cases. We enrolled 11,322 children aged less than 20 years, and were stratified into 3 age groups as same as ROC study [infants (<1 y, n 4,006), children (1-11 y, n 3,372), adolescents (12-19 y, n 3,944)]. Initial cardiac rhythms (VF/VT versus Asys/PEA), pre-hospital intervention done by emergency medical teams (EMT), and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The incidence of paediatric OHCA in Japan was 9.81 per 100,000 person-years (74.32 in infants 5.46 in children, 8.17 in adolescents), versus 8.04 in ROC. Good neurological outcome (CPC 1 or 2) for all paediatric OHCA was 5.4% (2.9% for infants, 7.5% for children, 6.2% adolescents) versus 6.4% survival to hospital discharge in ROC. In VF/VT group showed similar trends to ROC, but in Asys/PEA group, good neurological outcome was only 1.1% versus 5% in ROC (p <0.005). Analysis of EMT intervention showed defibrillation performed in 95% for adolescents, but only 59% for children and 48% in infants despite indicated. Implementation ratio of other procedure for children was 20% for advanced airway (73% in ROC), 1.7% for resuscitation drug therapy (30% in ROC), 7.1% for IV line (42% in ROC), none for IO line (38% in ROC) in Japan. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the incidence of paediatric OHCA and outcome of VF/VT group are similar to previously reported epidemiology from North America. Asys/PEA group showed significantly worse outcome in Japan. It may relates to the low implementation ratio of pre-hospital intervention by EMT for children in Japan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".