EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN WEIGHT, BODY COMPOSITION, FITNESS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON AORTIC PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IN OVERWEIGHT AN OBESE ADULTS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vascular adaptations, such as arterial stiffness, have been established as precursors to cardiovascular outcomes, such as hypertension, stroke, and heart failure. Arterial stiffness of the aorta is elevated in conditions of obesity, specifically abdominal obesity, physical inactivity, and low cardiorespiratory fitness. Standard behavioral weight loss interventions often promote weight management through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity. Whether increased physical activity and related gains in fitness have independent or additive effects with weight loss on aortic stiffness remains unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the overall and independent effects of changes in overall and abdominal obesity, fitness, and physical activity within a standard behavioral weight loss intervention on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. METHODS: Eighty three (N=83) overweight and obese adults (age 44.5 ± 8.1 years; BMI 32.4 ± 4.0 kg/m2) completed 6-months of a standard behavioral weight loss intervention. Aortic, or, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was assessed by applanation tonometry, abdominal obesity by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), objective moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by BodyMedia SenseWearPro armband (Pittsburgh, PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness by graded exercise testing. RESULTS: After 6 months, cfPWV, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, total body fat, and abdominal fat significantly decreased, while VO2peak significantly increased (all p<0.000). Change in VO2peak marginally predicted change in cfPWV, independent of changes in body weight and abdominal fat (p=0.045). Changes in MVPA variables were not predictive of changes in cfPWV (all p>0.1). Changes in body weight, abdominal fat, and all other obesity variables were not associated with changes in cfPWV (all p<0.1) CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that improvements in fitness, and not adiposity, were important for decreasing cfPWV. These results highlight the potential importance of targeting fitness in lifestyle interventions to reduce the elevated cardiovascular risk observed in sedentary and overweight or obese populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".