Withholding metformin prior to 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) oncology studies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
550 Objectives This prospective, randomized, single-blinded trial was conducted to investigate the effects of witholding metformin on bowel 18F-FDG uptake in Type II diabetic patients. Methods 90 Type II diabetic patients on metformin therapy undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT for oncology participated in the study. The subjects were randomized into 3 groups: group A and B (n=30 each) were instructed to discontinue metformin 24h and 48h prior to the scan, respectively. Group C acting as controls continued regular metformin regimen (n=30). Two nuclear medicine physicians blindly assessed 18F-FDG uptake in the bowel with a visual grading system and semi-quantitatively with maximum bowel SUV. The fasting blood glucose levels were recorded by patients 3 days before the examination (baseline), and measured prior to the 18F-FDG injection. Results 18F-FDG uptake was lower in the small bowel of patient in groups A and B compared to the group C controls (p Conclusions Our study confirms increased uptake of 18F-FDG in the colon and to a lesser extent the small bowel in patients taking metformin. Withholding metformin 48 hours prior to 18F-FDG PET/CT can reduce uptake in the small bowel and colon, at the expense of a small increase in blood glucose levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".