Comparison of methods to detect resistance of Helminthosporium solani to a thiabendazole fungicide
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of resistance to a post-harvest and preplanting benzimidazole fungicide, thiabendazole (TBZ), has resulted in the increase of silver scurf of potato caused by Helminthosporium solani . Conventional and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays were compared, among 54 isolates of H. solani , to detect the TBZ-sensitive (TBZ S ) and -resistant (TBZ R ) isolates. In a PCR-based assay, all 27 single-spore isolates from eastern Canada, nine isolates from Alberta in western Canada, six isolates from North Dakota, USA were distinguished as TBZ R , the remainder of the isolates being determined as TBZ S . The results from the PCR-based assay correlated well with the TBZ sensitivity assessment of isolates of H. solani on the TBZ-amended medium. Also, the detection of TBZ R - H. solani in 20 tuber samples with silver scurf lesions by the PCR-based assay demonstrates that this method can be used to detect the pathogen directly from the tuber lesions. The PCR-based method was more rapid (1 day) than the conventional technique (5 weeks).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".