Comparative Education In Canadian Universities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first section of this article provides a brief overview of the field in Canada, and in so doing, demonstrates the broad nature of Comparative Education within the Canadian context. The second section of this article provides an overview of the comparative and international education programmes, specialization areas and courses in Canadian higher education institutions, focusing on three stages in the history of Comparative Education in Canada: the 1950s-1970s (Establishment of Comparative Education); the 1980s -1990s (Fragmentation of Comparative Education); and the 2000s (Broadening Comparative Education). While the focus in this article is on Comparative Education in graduate university programmes, a discussion about Comparative Education in teacher education is also included here. Two tables are presented which summarize changes in the field over the past 50 years and the titles of specific courses related to Comparative Education offered in Canadian universities. A discussion of the current state of Comparative Education in Canadian higher education follows with a few concluding explanatory comments about the current state of the field. Dans la première partie de cet article nous offrons un panorama de ce champ au Canada, et en le faisant, nous démontrons la nature étendue de l'éducation comparée dans le contexte canadien. Dans la deuxième partie, nous donnons un aperçu sur les programmes, les domaines spécialisés, et les cours sur l'éducation comparée et internationale offerts dans les institutions d'études supérieures du Canada. Nous les donnons suivant les trois étapes de l'histoire de l'éducation comparée au Canada: pendant les décennies 1950-1970 (l'établissement de l'éducation comparée); pendant les décennies 1980-1990 (la fragmentation de l'éducation comparée); et dans les années 2000 (l'élargissement de l'éducation comparée). Le but principal de cet article est d'élaborer l'éducation comparée aux programmes d'études supérieures mais nous y parlons aussi de l'éducation comparée dans la formation des enseignants et des enseignantes. Deux tableaux donnent le sommaire des changements dans le domaine pendant les cinquante dernières années et le nom des cours offerts dans les universités canadiennes, ayant un trait spécifique avec l'éducation comparée. Nous présentons aussi l'état actuel de l'éducation comparée enseignée dans les universités canadiennes et terminons par quelques commentaires explicatifs sur l'état actuel de ce domaine d'étude.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.019 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.022 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.034 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".