Developing Social Capital: An Insider Look at the Language Learning and Integration Experiences of New Canadians
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article confirms the difficulties of economic and social integration for immigrants, offering qualitative data to add to the existing body of quantitative research. New Canadians need official government assistance to compensate for their lack of social capital, and educational policies and practices must also take into account the need for newcomers to develop social capital. Data from semi-structured ethnographic interviews with eight adult education students in three ESL classes in Montreal indicate that these newcomers are using ethnic group contacts to negotiate access to settlement services in schools and communities. Newcomers who face social exclusion and are unable to meet their needs through official channels could benefit from government programs that create bridging social capital between immigrants and Canadian-born citizens. Education, both for new immigrants and the Canadian-born, has an important role to play in the process of making Canadian education systems and society at large more inclusive of newcomers. Cet article confirme les difficultés rencontrées par les immigrants dans leur intégration économique et sociale. Il ajoute des données qualitatives à l'ensemble des recherches quantitatives. Les nouveaux Canadiens ont besoin de l'assistance officielle du gouvernement pour compenser leur manque de capital social, et les politiques d'éducation aussi que les pratiques doivent aussi prendre en considération le besoin de développement du capital social des nouveaux venus. Des données obtenues au cours des entrevues ethnographiques semi-structurées de huit adultes suivant trois cours d'anglais langue seconde (ESL) à Montréal indiquent que ces nouveaux venus doivent se servir des contacts dans leurs groupes ethniques pour négocier l'accès aux services d'adaptation dans les écoles ou dans les communautés. Les nouveaux venus qui sont menacés par l'exclusion sociale et qui ne sont pas capables de satisfaire leurs besoins par les voies officielles, peuvent bénéficier des programmes du gouvernement pour assortir le capital social entre immigrés et citoyens nés au Canada. L'éducation, pour les immigrants et pour les ressortissants canadiens, joue un rôle très important dans le processus pour rendre les systèmes d'éducation et la société en général plus ouverts aux immigrants.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.039 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".