Late and Postglacial Paleoenvironments of the Gulf of St. Lawrence: Marine and Terrestrial Palynological Evidence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cored sediments from Anticosti and Esquiman channels and from Cabot Strait have been analyzed for their palynological content, which includes pollen and spores and dinoflagellate cysts. The dinoflagellate cyst assemblages led to the establishment of a regional ecostratigraphy and to quantitative reconstruction of changes in sea-surface conditions using transfer function (best analogue method). Prior to about 10,000 BP, assemblages dominated by Brigantedinium are associated with relatively cold (4-100C in August) surface water and extensive seasonal sea-ice cover (up to 8 months/yr.); in Cabot Strait low salinity conditions (25-27%o) were recorded from about 11,800 to 10,000 BP as the result of outflow of meltwater discharge from the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Between ca. 11,000 and 10,500 BP a cooling phase in surface water probably corresponds to the Younger Dryas event. At about 10,000 BP, a sharp transition marked by the occurrence of abundant Gonyaulacales, corresponds to the establishment of conditions similar to the present with summer temperatures up to 160C, salinity of -31 %o and a seasonal extent of sea-ice of about 2 months/yr. During the Holocene, slight fluctuations of sea-surface temperature are reconstructed, and a thermal optimum is recorded at about 6000 BP. The pollen and spore assemblages led to direct correlations with the onshore palynostratigraphy. In the northern Gulf region, Picea migration apparently rapidly followed the early Holocene surface water warming although the development of closed coniferous forests occurred much later. In the southern part of the Gulf, the Picea forest expansion coincides with the early Holocene increase of temperature, and the significant occurrence of Tsuga followed the middle Holocene thermal optimum as recorded in sea-surface water.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".