[Longitudinal association between work and self-rated health in older adults: a systematic review].
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective Japan's shortage in labor force due to a declining birth rate and aging population has led to the rapid development of various systems and work environments to promote the employment of older adults. With increasing expectations for the active participation of older adults in the labor market, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between work and physical and mental health in this population, as well as the challenges they face. In particular, self-rated health is an important health indicator that captures the overall health status of older adults, which is strongly related to the decline in life functions and the increase in healthy life expectancy. In this study, we examined the longitudinal association between work and self-rated health perception among older adults.Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Japana Centra Revuo Medicina (Igaku Chuo Zasshi in Japanese). The keywords selected for the search were "older adult," "employment," and "self-rated health." The inclusion criteria were i) the baseline age of study subjects was 60 years or older, ii) employment was used as an independent variable and self-rated health was used as a dependent variable, and iii) studies were longitudinal. The quality of the selected literature was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Results As a result of the review, a total of five studies were accepted. Four studies were from Japan and one was from the United States. The NOS scores showed that all selected studies were of high quality, scoring 6 or 7 on a 9-point scale. Three of the five studies reported that older adults who were working had higher self-rated health than those who were not working. Two of the five studies reported no significant association between employment and self-rated health among older adults.Conclusion This systematic review suggested a significant relationship between work and self-rated health among older adults. However, the number of studies that focused on the longitudinal effect of employment was limited. Employment in later life is becoming increasingly common, therefore further evidence on its effect on health should be gathered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".