Direct writing of divacancy centers in silicon carbide by femtosecond laser irradiation and subsequent thermal annealing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Divacancy (VSiVC) centers in silicon carbide (SiC) have potential applications in quantum communication and sensing due to their attractive optical and spin properties. To realize many of these divacancy-based quantum applications, it is vital that they are created in prescribed locations with high accuracy. Here, we describe the production of arrays of divacancy centers in 4H polytype SiC (4H-SiC) by femtosecond laser irradiation and subsequent thermal annealing. We optically characterized these divacancy centers by photoluminescence (PL) confocal mapping using a custom-built confocal microscope. The created divacancy centers show a bright stable emission that depends on the pulse energy of the femtosecond laser. PL spectra of the divacancy centers were collected using micro-Raman spectroscopy at the low temperature of 4.2 K and room temperature. The effect of thermal annealing was studied at various temperatures from 500 °C to 1000 °C and showed that the maximum divacancy center PL intensity was achieved at 800 °C. These and the aforementioned measurements show that the femtosecond laser writing method enables divacancy centers to be accurately positioned in 4H-SiC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".