Effects of perceived competition and water temperature on the functional responses of invasive and native crabs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As the frequency of species introductions increases globally, the need for predicting the ecological impacts of invaders becomes ever more urgent. Functional responses, i.e. how resource uptake by consumers changes as a function of resource density, describe the species-specific ability to deplete resources under standardized conditions, and their shape has been used as a tool to predict the impact of non-native species. However, functional responses are usually derived from individuals foraging alone, which overlooks the important roles of intra- and interspecific interactions in shaping per capita consumption rates. We tested the extent to which the functional responses of invasive European green crab Carcinus maenas and native graceful rock crab Metacarcinus gracilis are affected by the perceived presence of con- and heterospecific individuals. Overall, crabs did not consume significantly more prey in the perceived presence of either a conspecific or novel heterospecific, but did demonstrate significantly higher attack rates in warmer water in the presence of a conspecific. Regardless of competitor type, green crabs consumed, on average, 16% more prey than the native crabs. This was largely due to their higher attack rate and lower prey handling time in warmer water. Green crab prey consumption increased significantly with increasing water temperature while that of the native crab species was unaffected (12 vs. 3.5% per 1°C increase, respectively). Higher maximum feeding rates are congruent with green crab impacts throughout their invaded range and suggest that green crabs might be undeterred from feeding in the presence of this co-occurring native crab species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".