Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: We report 2 brothers sharing FHL1 identified mutation. They presented in childhood with overlapping clinical features characterized by early onset stiffness and increased muscle definition with cardiac involvement. After 30 years of neurological followup, the diagnosis is finally revealed. Methods: At early ages, both had increased definition of upper trunk musculature. The older brother had hypophonic voice with raspy character, which is to our knowledge, not reported with this mutation before. He required a pacemaker for arrhythmias, while the younger developed congestive heart failure. Results: Their initial investigations failed to unveil a diagnosis, including a negative next generation sequencing (NGS) panel for AR LGMD. An expanded NGS sent on the older brother revealed he is hemizygous for 1770 bp deletion within FHL 1 gene, this deletion includes exon 7to 8, and confirmed on the other. Conclusions: First reported in 2008, FHL1 mutations result in phenotypically distinct neuromuscular disorders: X-linked myopathy with Postural Muscle Atrophy and generalized hypertrophy, X-linked dominant scapuloperoneal Myopathy, and Reducing Body Myopathy. Subsequently other phenotypes have been reported including Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Our patients present with a phenotype that had been reported with FHL1 mutation, highlighting the possible recognition of this presentation in aiding a diagnostic approach.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".