MRI and CSF markers of mild behavioural impairment: Findings from the MEMENTO cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Mild behavioural impairment (MBI) is characterized by late‐life emergent and persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). It is as an at‐risk state for incident cognitive decline and dementia. For some, MBI may be the first observable manifestation of a neurodegenerative process such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods We examined associations between MBI and established dementia imaging and CSF markers, in 789 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Study data were obtained from the French MEMENTO cohort study. Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scores were used to determine MBI scores using a published algorithm. NPI data at baseline and 6‐month visits were used to categorize patients into MBI+ (persistent NPS i.e., NPS at both time points) and MBI‐ (no NPS or NPS at either but not both time points). MRI and CSF measurements were completed at baseline. Linear regressions were fitted to assess if MBI status at 6 months was associated with reduced thickness or volume in each of the a priori selected regions associated with Braak stages 1‐5: entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal cortex and frontal pole. To assess if MBI status was associated with CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, Aβ40, t‐tau, p‐tau, Aβ42/Aβ40, p‐tau/Aβ42 and t‐tau/Aβ42), seven linear regressions were conducted. All models controlled for age, sex, education, and mini‐mental state examination scores. Volume and thickness analysis further controlled for total intracranial volume. Results MBI+ (persistent NPS) status was associated with decreased entorhinal thickness and smaller hippocampal volume compared to MBI‐ (Table 1). There were no differences between MBI+ and MBI‐ groups in thickness of the Braak stage 3‐5 regions (Table 1). In the subset of MCI participants with CSF data (n=155), compared to MBI‐, MBI+ had lower CSF Aβ42 levels, higher CSF p‐tau/Aβ42 and t‐tau/Aβ42 ratios (Table 2). Conclusion In a memory clinic sample of older adults with MCI, MBI was associated with AD markers and served as a proxy marker to capture AD changes in a non‐demented sample. These findings extend the literature linking MBI with known dementia biomarkers and emphasize the importance of appropriately ascertained NPS, in this case with respect to symptom persistence, in dementia detection and prognostication.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".