Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The 5 major pathogenic serogroups of the Gram-negative encapsulated bacterium Neisseria meningitidis are A, B, C, Y, and W135. In the 1960s, vaccines consisting of purified capsular polysaccharide antigens were developed against serogroups A, C, Y, and W135. These vaccines were highly effective among adults but were not efficacious among infants and young children. Capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines were subsequently developed. METHODS: The development of second-generation capsular polysaccharide glycoconjugate vaccines that are effective among infants and children is reviewed. The approaches for development of a broadly protective serogroup B vaccine, including attempts toward optimization of outer membrane vesicle vaccines and identification of conserved antigens, are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Monovalent serogroup C conjugate vaccines have been successful in reducing the burden of serogroup C meningococcal disease among infants, older children, and adults in the United Kingdom and Canada. Tetravalent serogroup A/C/W/Y conjugate vaccines are in late stage development. The use of serogroup B capsular polysaccharide as the basis for a vaccine for prevention of serogroup B meningococcal disease has proved problematic. The recent sequencing of the serogroup B genome led to the identification of additional, genome-derived, neisserial antigens, through a process called "reverse vaccinology."
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".