Second Harmonic Generation Properties in Chiral Sarcomeres of Drosophila Larval Muscles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polarimetric second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a label-free ultrastructural imaging technique that is applied to study molecular organization in striated muscle structure. Wild type OreR and UNC45 knockdown Drosophila melanogaster somatic larva body wall muscles are used to elucidate the influence of myosin organization on SHG imaging response. Structural changes due to varying myosin content are studied with linear polarization-in polarization-out (PIPO) SHG microscopy. PIPO SHG microscopy revealed changes in the striated pattern of somatic muscles and a reduced signal intensity correlated with reduced order of myosin filaments. The achiral and chiral susceptibility component ratios R- and C-ratios, respectively, were deduced. R-ratio values were higher in the UNC45 knockdown larva mutant compared to control, suggesting that in addition to myosin, another protein structure provide basis for a second harmonic response. The SHG active protein structure is located in the region of isotropic bands of the striated muscles. The measured C-ratio from the muscle fibers appeared to be small. Nonetheless, the wide distribution of C-ratio values of myosin filaments could be observed in the wild-type OreR muscles. Overall, this technique provides insight on how second harmonic properties change with myosin filament structure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".