An Untenable Workload: COVID- 19 and the Disproportionate Impact on Women's Work-Family Demands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In January 2020, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) emerged as a global concern and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020 (WH0, 2020). The Canadian government responded with directives encouraging people to wear masks and practice physical distancing, along with a shelter-in-place order implemented mid-March (Terry, 2020). Employers scrambled to respond with new workfrom-home policies and universities were expeditiously transitioned from face-to-face course delivery to online delivery. Primary and secondary schools and childcare facilities also closed mid-March per the government directives (Franklin, 2020). These unprecedented events resulted in employees working from home (if feasible) and professors and students transitioning to online classes, thus having to adapt to new technology (See et al., 2020) while parenting and home-schooling children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".