At‐homeness: A novel psycho‐socio‐environmental construct for an eMental Health controlled trial to prevent loneliness and cognitive decline among older adults with multimorbidity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Approximately two‐thirds of older adults’ experience multimorbidity in Canada and the US. Challenges of symptoms management and reduced mobility often coincide with late‐life depression which is associated with a 2 to 5‐fold increased dementia risk. Loneliness and depression are connected in the prodromal phases. Loneliness is distinct from social isolation and has direct neurological impact on the brain (Cacioppo et al., 2014). Yet, recent umbrella review of RCTs on loneliness reported “limited effects” (Jarvis et al., 2020). Following recommendations for theory‐based non‐pharmacological interventions (Sikkes et al., 2020), this paper develops a novel construct as an antidote to loneliness for eMental Health intervention among MMOA. Method Findings from three sequential studies were combined to examine the preventive potential of a measurable construct. (1) Systematic review identified 28 studies on the experiences people living with dementia in the community. Comparative synthesis was conducted ethnographic data (e.g., in‐depth interviews) since Chaudhury (2001). (2) Primary qualitative data were extracted to generate items for a preliminary scale. Factor analysis was conducted to examine construct validity. (3) An index was constructed using comprehensive data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). Path analysis was conducted to examine direct and indirect effects on loneliness, depression, and cognition, controlling for baseline. Social environment (e.g., social support) was included for comparison. Result (1) Understanding behavioral symptoms as non‐verbal expressions and employing Deweyan person‐place integration, at‐homeness emerged as a psychological construct that could address prodromal loneliness. (2) Factor analysis (n=212) reduced 28 items to 20 items (α=.920) At‐homeness includes three factors: identity‐stability(α=.886), social experiences (α=.887), self‐expression (α=.767)(SRMR=.075). Convergent validity with neighborhood factors was found (B=.43, p<.001). (3) Measures of housing, neighborhood, and life satisfaction were used. Path analysis (n=15,087) showed good model fit indexes (TLI=.989; CFI=.999; RMSEA=.026; SRMR=.006). At‐homeness (B=‐.20, p<.001) rivals the effect of social environment (B=‐.19, p<.001) on loneliness. Structural equation modelling showed that, together, at‐homeness and loneliness have as much effect on cognition as depression. Conclusion At‐homeness is a promising novel psycho‐socio‐environmental construct to reduce loneliness and cognitive decline among MMOA. Its factors may be influenced through customized activity suggestions. A pilot study is underway.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".