Addiction chronicity: are all addictions the same?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background All addictions have a recurring nature, but their comparative chronicity has never been directly investigated. The purpose of this study is to undertake this investigation.Method A secondary analysis was conducted on two large scale 5-year Canadian adult cohort studies. A subset of 1,088 individuals were assessed as having either substance use disorder, gambling disorder, excessive behaviors (e.g. shopping, sex/pornography), or two or more of these designations (‘multiple addictions’) during the course of these studies. Within each dataset comparisons were made between these four groups concerning the number of waves they had their condition; likelihood of having their condition in two or more consecutive waves; and likelihood of relapse following remission.Results Multiple addictions had significantly greater chronicity on all measures compared to single addictions. People with an excessive behavior designation had significantly lower chronicity compared to people with gambling disorder and a tendency toward lower chronicity compared to substance use disorder. Gambling disorder had equivalent chronicity to substance use disorder in one dataset but greater chronicity in the other. However, this latter difference is likely an artifact of the different time frames utilized.Conclusions Having multiple addictions represents a more pervasive condition that is persistent for most individuals. Substance use disorder and gambling disorder have intermediate and roughly equivalent levels of chronicity, but considerable individual variability, transient for some, but more chronic for others. In contrast, excessive behaviors such as compulsive shopping are transient for most, and their comparatively lower levels of chronicity questions their designations as ‘addictions’.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.046 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it