Shake-Table Tests and Numerical Analysis of Steel Frames with Self-Centering Viscous-Hysteretic Devices under the Mainshock–Aftershock Sequences
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Shake-table tests, subjected to mainshock–aftershock sequences, were conducted on a 1/3-scaled 3-story steel frame equipped with self-centering viscous-hysteretic devices (SC-VHDs) and its primary frame to investigate the effect of the aftershock on seismic performance. It was found that the SC-VHD can effectively reduce 30%–50% of the peak drift and 50%–80% of the residual drift, respectively. Additionally, the peak and residual drifts of the 3-story primary frame under the mainshock–aftershock sequences were more than those under the mainshock-only sequences, while the peak and residual drifts of the 3-story SC-VHD frame under the mainshock-only and mainshock–aftershock sequences were basically the same. A numerical simulation method for the SC-VHD frame was further developed and validated, based on which 6-, 9-, and 12-story SC-VHD frames were analyzed to investigate the seismic performance of medium- high-rise SC-VHD frames. Both shake-table tests and numerical analysis indicate that the peak and residual drifts of the 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-story SC-VHD frames can meet the design objective under the mainshock–aftershock sequences.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".