Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Pro'te.us. Gr. n. Proteus an ocean god able to change himself into different shapes. Straight rods, 0.4–0.8 × 1.0–3.0 μm . Gram negative. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Most strains swarm with periodic cycles of migration producing concentric zones, or spread in a uniform film, over moist surfaces solidified with agar or gelatin . The organisms in this genus conform to the definition of the family Enterobacteriaceae . They are facultatively anaerobic, chemoorganotrophic, having both a respiratory and a fermentative type of metabolism . Optimal growth temperature is 37°C. Oxidase negative; catalase positive. Methyl red positive; species vary in indole production, Voges–Proskauer, and Simmons citrate tests. They oxidatively deaminate phenylalanine and tryptophan. Urea is hydrolyzed. Lysine decarboxylase negative and arginine dihydrolase negative; only Proteus mirabilis decarboxylates ornithine. All but Proteus myxofaciens decompose tyrosine to produce a clearing on agar media in which the insoluble amino acid is incorporated. Grow on KCN. H 2 S is usually produced. Malonate is not utilized . D ‐glucose and a few other carbohydrates are catabolized with production of acid and usually gas. Does not produce acid from inositol or from straight chain tetra‐, penta‐, or hexahydroxy—alcohols, but generally produces acid from glycerol. One or more species ferment maltose, sucrose, trehalose, and D ‐xylose. Human pathogens, causing urinary tract infections; also are secondary invaders, causing septic lesions at other sites of the body. Occurs in the intestines of humans and a wide variety of animals; also occurs in manure, soil, and polluted waters. P. myxofaciens has been isolated only from gypsy moth larvae. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, Proteus belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae within the Proteobacteria (Woese et al., 1985; Niebel et al., 1987; Stackebrandt et al., 1988). The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 38–41 (Falkow et al., 1962). Type species : Proteus vulgaris Hauser 1885, 12 emend. Brenner, Hickman‐Brenner, Holmes, Hawkey, Penner, Grimont and O'Hara 1995, 870. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Proteus is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Pseudomonadati / Pseudomonadota / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacterales / Morganellaceae / Proteus The genus Proteus can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Proteus (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Pseudomonadota / c__Gammaproteobacteria / o__Enterobacterales / f__Enterobacteriaceae / g__Proteus * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".