Knowledge of pregnancy complications and utilization of antenatal care services in Rwanda
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: While Rwanda's progress towards achieving the maternal health care targets of the Sustainable Development Goals is impressive, evidence of women's limited utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services in the context of an improved health care system provides an opportunity for exploring other essential but less highlighted factors that may shape ANC service utilization. In this study, we examined the association between women's knowledge of pregnancy complications and the utilization of maternal health services. METHODS: We employed logistic regression analysis using the 2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey data. Our analytical sample consisted of women (n = 5883) in their reproductive ages (15-49 years). Three maternal health care indicators, namely, timing of first ANC visit, number of ANC visits, and place of delivery, were explored. We controlled for the effects of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, including marital status, place of residence and age. RESULTS: The results show that women with no knowledge of pregnancy complications were less likely to utilize ANC services within the first trimester (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76, p < 0.01), achieve the WHO recommended minimum of eight visits (OR = 0.66, p < 0.01), and deliver at a health facility (OR = 0.77, p < 0.10). CONCLUSION: Given these findings, we recommend restructuring existing maternal health care programs to include rigorous maternal health education.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".