Activating Surface Lattice Oxygen of a Cu/Zn<sub>1<i>–x</i></sub>Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub>O Catalyst through Interface Interactions for CO Oxidation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Surface lattice oxygen in metal oxides is a common participant in many chemical reactions. Given this, the structural design of catalysts to activate lattice oxygen and moreover investigations into the effect of lattice oxygen on reaction pathways are hot topics. With this in mind, herein we prepare CuO–Zn1–xCuxO (ZCO) nanofibers akin to the Trojan horse legend and via an in situ reduction obtain activated Cu/Zn1–xCuxO (Cu/ZCO) nanofibers. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that surface lattice oxygen of Cu/ZCO is effectively activated from inert O2– to reactive O2–x. This activation stems from the enhanced covalence of metal–oxygen bonds and the electron transfer between Cu and the support. Online mass spectrometry reveals that Cu/ZCO with activated lattice oxygen exhibits a higher Mars–van Krevelen reaction efficiency during the CO oxidation process. This study offers a new avenue to engineer interface interactions, given, as highlighted here, the importance of surface lattice oxygen in oxide supports during the catalytic process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".