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Polyamides, General

2000· other· en· W4211246824 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueKirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology · 2000
Typeother
Languageen
FieldMaterials Science
TopicSynthesis and properties of polymers
Canadian institutionsDuPont (Canada)
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAminolysisPolyamideNylon 6MonomerHydrolysisCationic polymerizationPolymer chemistryCrystallinityPolymerizationMaterials scienceOrganic chemistryChemistryPolymerCatalysisComposite material

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract A general overview of polyamide technology is presented, with emphasis on commercial practice and technology developed since 1980. The article includes coverage of nomenclature; history; economic, health, and environmental aspects; and physical properties, including crystallinity, solubility, and piezoelectric effects. There is an extensive discussion of chemical properties including methods of preparation (direct amidation, reaction of acid chlorides, and ring‐opening polymerization of lactams via hydrolytic, anionic, and cationic processes); chemical reactions (acidolysis, aminolysis, alcoholysis, ammonolysis, transamidation, transesteramidation, and grafting); and degradation reactions (hydrolysis, thermal degradation, thermooxidation, photodegradation and photooxidation, biodegradation, and mechanodegradation). The manufacturing practices for most commercial nylons that are presented include monomer production for nylon‐6,6, nylon‐6, nylon‐4,6, nylon‐6,9, nylon‐6,10, nylon‐6,12, nylon‐11, nylon‐12, nylon‐12,12, and nylon‐13,13. Nylon‐6,6 and nylon‐6 are compared in detail. There are also discussions of copolyamides, mixed aliphatic–aromatic, and wholly aromatic polyamides. Extensive tables are presented which list CAS Registry Numbers, physical properties, and world‐wide manufacturers of most polyamides.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Research integrity, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.154
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0010.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0210.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.006
GPT teacher head0.217
Teacher spread0.212 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it