Turning the Tide on HIV: 23<sup>rd</sup> Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) HML-2 proviruses are commonly activated in HIV-1, and may form particles, but the latter are of unknown significance.We have previously reported HERV-K102 particle production in 75% of HIV-1 patients, but the maximal plasma level was 7 logs lower in HIV-1 patients than in patients harboring other blood borne pathogens.This suggested HIV-1 specifically inhibited HERV-K102 replication in vivo and is consistent with mutual molecular interference in replication reported previously between HERV-K and HIV-1.Accordingly, the aim of the present work was to explore whether or not HERV-K102 replication reciprocally interferes with HIV-1 replication in vivo as this could lead to new interventions.The Nairobi commercial sex worker (CSW) cohort which showed resistance to HIV-1 transmission was examined for evidence of increased integration of HERV-K102 pol in genomic DNA over normal controls and was compared with subjects not resistant to HIV-1 infection.DNA was extracted from plasma samples from the CSW cohort (n=14), normals (n=31) or HIV-1 patients (n=26) and was subjected to real time qPCR ddCt ratio analysis using our novel primer set for HERV-K102 pol and compared with 18S RNA as a control for genomic equivalents.Universal master mix with Amperase-UNG was used to digest cDNA leaving genomic DNA for analysis.A five-fold increased mean gene copy number of HERV-K102 pol was found in the CSW cohort over normals (P=0.0005), which was not detected in HIV-1 groups irrespective of stratification based on current use of antiretroviral therapy.In preliminary in vitro and in vivo experiments, high levels of particle production were found to lead to enhanced genomic copies of HERV-K102 consistent with replication competence.This work may be first to raise the possibility that HERV-K102 particles may play a common role in natural protection against HIV-1 transmission.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.079 | 0.026 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".