Endothelial colony forming cells’ tetrahydrobiopterin level in coronary artery disease patients and its association with circulating endothelial progenitor cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) participate in neovascularization. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) derived NO· helps in homing of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) at the site of vascular injury. The enzyme cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) stabilizes the catalytic active state of eNOS. Association of intracellular ECFCs biopterins and ratio of reduced to oxidized biopterin (BH4:BH2) with circulatory EPCs and ECFCs functionality have not been studied. We investigated ECFCs biopterin levels and its association with circulatory EPCs as well as ECFCs proliferative potential in terms of day of appearance in culture. Circulatory EPCs were enumerated by flowcytometry in 53 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and 42 controls. ECFCs were cultured, characterized, and biopterin levels assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Appearance of ECFCs’ colony and their number were recorded. Circulatory EPCs were significantly lower in CAD and ECFCs appeared in 56% and 33% of CAD and control subjects, respectively. Intracellular BH4 and BH4:BH2 were significantly reduced in CAD. BH4:BH2 was positively correlated with circulatory EPCs (p = 0.01), and negatively with day of appearance of ECFCs (p = 0.04). Circulatory EPCs negatively correlated with ECFCs appearance (p = 0.02). These findings suggest the role of biopterins in maintaining circulatory EPCs and functional integrity of ECFCs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".