A comparative study of bone remodeling around hydroxyapatite-coated and novel radial functionally graded dental implants using finite element simulation
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This comparative study simulates bone remodeling outcome around titanium dental implants and compares the final bone configuration with the one around novel implants composed of radial functionally graded materials (FGMs) and the titanium implants with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating. A dental implant system embedded in 3D mandibular bone with masticatory loading was simulated by the finite element method. A bone remodeling algorithm was applied to cancellous and cortical bones. Young's modulus and von Mises stress were obtained to ensure bone homeostasis and evaluate the final bone configuration. Local stress distribution in the bone-implant interface was analyzed before and after bone remodeling. The average final Young's modulus of cancellous bone reached 2.68, 2.49, and 2.32 GPa for the FGM, HA-coated, and the titanium models, respectively. These values for cortical bone were 17.75, 16.86, and 17.20 GPa in the same order. Radial FGM implants generated the highest remodeling stimulus and bone density. Their superiority over the HA-coated models was confirmed by four implant surface stiffness values (10, 20, 30, and 40 GPa). Remodeling increased bone density around the implant, consistent with clinical data and reduced stress concentration in the cortical neck. The stress values were in the safe zone regarding overload-induced bone resorption. The findings of this study were substantiated by clinical images and bone density values from previous literature.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it