Baseline Serum Chemistry, Hematology, and Serology Assessment in Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Grizzly Bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) at a Rehabilitation Center in British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Health assessments contribute toward an understanding of nutritional well being and disease occurrence in bears kept in captivity for rehabilitation and increase awareness of what pathogens potentially are being released along with their hosts in reintroduction situations. The Northern Lights Wildlife Shelter in Smithers, British Columbia, rehabilitates orphaned black bear cubs and is the first shelter to be permitted to rehabilitate grizzly cubs in a collaborative pilot project with the International Fund for Animal Welfare and British Columbia Ministry of Environment. Blood was collected from two grizzly bear yearlings, six black bear yearlings, and three black bear cubs housed at the shelter in 2009 for serology and hematology. The bears were tested for canine distemper, canine adenovirus 1 and 2, leptospirosis, and toxoplasmosis. Additionally, standard serum chemistries and leukocyte differentials were completed. All of the bears were negative for the infectious diseases, but showed increased levels of eosinophilia suggestive of parasitic disease and a few serum values outside of the International Species Information System (ISIS) and IDEXX reference ranges. The blood and serum values collected in this study serve as the beginning of a hematologic baseline and measurement of disease prevalence in grizzly and black bear cubs brought to the shelter for rehabilitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".