Fungal Translocation Marker in People Living with HIV Needing Treatment for Onychomycosis: A Protocol for the Prospective Pilot Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Increased microbial translocation and chronic immune activation are two critical problems for people living with HIV (PLWH) in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. Compared with numerous studies on bacterial microbiomic communities, there are only a limited number of studies focusing on fungal microbiomic composition and products in PLWH. This study protocol is used to evaluate the changes in bacterial and fungal microbiome populations induced by terbinafine treatment, which is an antifungal agent widely used amongst PLWH. Twenty-two PLWH on a stable ART regimen for more than six months, who require treatment for onychomycosis, will be recruited. The participants will be followed-up for a 12-week treatment period (oral terbinafine 250 mg daily) and another 12-weeks of terbinafine discontinuation. Plasma and fecal samples will be collected before and after terbinafine treatment, and for 12weeks after the discontinuation of terbinafine. Plasma gut injury and microbial translocation biomarker assays, in addition to testing for gut microbiome composition, will be undertaken. With this pilot study, we will perform formal sample size calculations and test study feasibility for a possible full-scale study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.021 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.036 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".