Efficient Heparin Recovery from Porcine Intestinal Mucosa Using Zeolite Imidazolate Framework-8
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heparin is one of the most valuable active pharmaceutical ingredients, and it is generally isolated from porcine intestinal mucosa. Traditionally, different types of commercial resins are employed as an adsorbent for heparin uptake; however, using new, less expensive adsorbents has attracted more interest in the past few years to enhance the heparin recovery. Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), as a metal–organic framework (MOF) with a high surface area, porosity, and good stability at high temperatures, was selected to examine the heparin recovery. In this research, we demonstrate that ZIF-8 can recover up to ~70% (37 mg g−1) of heparin from porcine intestinal mucosa. A mechanistic study through kinetic and thermodynamic models on the adsorption revealed appropriate surface conditions for the adsorption of heparin molecules. The effect of different variables such as pH and temperature on heparin adsorption was also studied to optimize the recovery. This study is the first to investigate the usage of MOFs for heparin uptake.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".