Design and sizing of a microgrid system for a University community in Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Due to the epileptic power experienced in Nigerian national grid system, an on-grid microgrid system consisting of PV panels, inverter, grid system and diesel generator set is designed and sized for a university community in Nigeria. In this paper, the load profile (kWh) of the campus was determined based on the electric load of the campus. “HOMER” Pro software was then used to design and size a microgrid system for the selected campus based on its electric load and PVWATT software was used to determine the dimension of the area required for the installation of the PV panels. Results from simulation indicates that the dimension of the area required for the PV installation is 17,696m2 and the daily power generated from the microgrid system is always above the electric load of the system. Further analysis shows that 88.0% of the annual energy generated to supply the electric load of the campus can be produced by the PV panels and 12.0% by the grid system. This in turn reduces the amount being spent on electricity bill by the university campus by 88.0%. Economically, the cost of installation of the microgrid system is N295M with a simple payback of 3 years 5 months.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".