Negative Refraction Acoustic Lens Based on Elastic Shell Encapsulated Bubbles
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Advanced devices for acoustic negative refraction and cloaking can be achieved by utilizing acoustic metamaterials. However, the capacities of acoustic metamaterials often are weakened or even disappear when considering thermoviscous loss and damping, which limits the applications of metamaterials. Here, the negative refraction and acoustic imaging capacity of acoustic metamaterials that are comprised of 2D underwater elastic shell encapsulated bubble arrays numerically and experimentally is verified. The influence of thermoviscous loss and damping in solid structures on imaging is discussed. The transmission loss can be reduced by structural optimization. Accordingly, focusing of the sound emitted by a point source is achieved using a flat metamaterial slab whose effective refractive index is −1, which is promising for underwater acoustic imaging.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it