Safety and Tolerability of Fesoterodine in Older Adult Patients with Overactive Bladder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Older patients (> 65 yr) suffering from overactive bladder (OAB) are more likely to have functional impairment and comorbidity than those without OAB. This article reviews available published studies and discusses how fesoterodine might meet the specific needs of the older OAB patient. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was undertaken in order to evaluate fesoterodine safety in older OAB patients. Results: Fesoterodine offers flexible dosing, allowing the clinician to balance risk and benefits according to the symptoms and preferences of the patient. Its balanced affinity for M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors may lead to its benefit on OAB symptoms. Its active metabolite is a P-gp substrate that is actively transported from the central nervous system (CNS), potentially avoiding adverse CNS effects. Fesoterodine can be used in mild or moderate hepatic or renal insufficiency and no dose adjustment is routinely required. Fesoterodine's benefit has been demonstrated in multiple clinical trials in older and medically vulnerable patients. Fesoterodine was rated as "beneficial" in the LUTS-FORTA classification due to its efficiency and tolerability in older patients. Conclusion: Here, the use of fesoterodine in older and vulnerable patients is summarized given the need to approach pharmacotherapy for OAB differently in older adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".