Polystyrene/polyolefin elastomer/halloysite nanotubes blend nanocomposites: Morphology‐thermal degradation kinetics relationship
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Polystyrene/polyolefin elastomer (PS/POE) (90/10 and 80/20 wt/wt) blends containing 1, 3, and 5 phr halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in the presence and absence of a compatibilizer (polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride) were prepared using the melt‐mixing technique. Scanning electron microscopic studies confirmed a matrix‐droplet morphology. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping indicated that the blends containing 5 phr HNTs possessed aggregates, while no agglomeration was observed after incorporating 5 phr compatibilizer. Thermal stability and thermal degradation kinetics were investigated using thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The results demonstrated that the PS/POE blend (90/10) containing 5 phr HNTs and compatibilizer (90/10/5/5) has the best thermal stability. Different methods such as Friedman, Flynn‐Ozawa‐Wall, and Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose were applied to calculate the degradation activation energy. The 90/10/5/5 nanocomposite exhibited the highest degradation activation energy, indicating that this sample is more difficult to degrade thermally than other samples. A correlation was obtained between the activation energy and the intensity of the TGA‐fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA/FTIR) peaks of the evolved products. The Criado method was used to determine the changes in the thermal degradation mechanism of the samples.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it