Structures of a deltacoronavirus spike protein bound to porcine and human receptors
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) can experimentally infect a variety of animals. Human infection by PDCoV has also been reported. Consistently, PDCoV can use aminopeptidase N (APN) from different host species as receptors to enter cells. To understand this broad receptor usage and interspecies transmission of PDCoV, we determined the crystal structures of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of PDCoV spike protein bound to human APN (hAPN) and porcine APN (pAPN), respectively. The structures of the two complexes exhibit high similarity. PDCoV RBD binds to common regions on hAPN and pAPN, which are different from the sites engaged by two alphacoronaviruses: HCoV-229E and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCoV). Based on structure guided mutagenesis, we identified conserved residues on hAPN and pAPN that are essential for PDCoV binding and infection. We report the detailed mechanism for how a deltacoronavirus recognizes homologous receptors and provide insights into the cross-species transmission of PDCoV.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it