Catastrophic overwash and rapid retreat of a gravel barrier spit during storm events (Sillon de Talbert, North Brittany, France)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The morphodynamic functioning of the Sillon de Talbert gravel barrier spit is analysed using a high‐frequency survey carried out between September 2012 and December 2019. It is based on beach profile measurements along two transects, modelling offshore wave data (WW3), tide gauge records, and shallow waves and water levels recorded in the intertidal zone. A barrier retreat of −23 to −30 m over the 7‐year survey (i.e. −3.3 to −4.3 m yr −1 ) is measured. This retreat is not related to long‐term sea level rise (macroscale of 10 2 –10 3 yr), but to mesoscale (10 0 –10 2 yr) morphogenic events combining storm wave and high spring tide. Over 87–90% of the barrier retreat is due to three significant events (1–2 February 2014, 9 February 2016, and 3 January 2018). The storm impact scale model of Orford and Carter is tested. The estimation of the wave runup for the calculation of extreme water levels [i.e. peak overflow elevation ( O e ) component] is based on the calibration of an equation performed from in‐situ measurements of the swash elevation. The flow depth ( O d,q ) overtopping the crest of the barrier ( B h ) is thresholded by taking into account the morphological response of the barrier in order to define regimes corresponding to overtopping, discrete overwash, and sluicing overwash. While the Orford and Carter model is generally successful in reproducing the morphodynamic evolution of Sillon de Talbert, the wave energy flux ( F ) must be considered as an additional parameter in order to improve the fit of the model, so far as it contributes in some cases to change the morphodynamic regime. Thus, the wave energy flux constitutes a key component in the quantification of the water flow across the barrier ( O d,q ) corresponding to the hydrodynamic forcing of the model, which becomes ( O d,F ).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".