Strategic Environmental Assessment in Marine Areas beyond National Jurisdiction: Implementing Integration
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Whereas environmental impact assessment ( EIA ) is broadly accepted as a legal requirement for managing the marine environment in areas beyond national jurisdiction ( ABNJ ), there has been a greater reluctance by States to adopt strategic environmental assessment ( SEA ) requirements. This suggests the legal basis for SEA is different and less firmly established in international law than EIA . This article examines the distinct legal and policy roles of SEA in managing ABNJ , which then informs our understanding of its legal basis. We argue, unlike EIA ’s close association with due diligence obligations to prevent harm, SEA is better understood as a legal mechanism for the implementation of the principle of integration. Recognised as central to marine governance, integration has normative dimensions that must be addressed by States. SEA , we argue, is well-suited to this task. This article addresses SEA for ABNJ generally, but attention is paid to negotiations regarding marine biodiversity of ABNJ .
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it